/* regexprops.c -- document the properties of the regular expressions 
                   understood by gnulib.

   Copyright 2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
   
   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
   
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/


/*
   The output of this program is included in the GNU findutils source 
   distribution.  The copying conditions for that file are generated 
   by the copying() function below.
*/

/* Written by James Youngman, <jay@gnu.org>. */

#include <config.h>


#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include "regex.h"
#include "regextype.h"


/* Name this program was run with. */
char *program_name;

static void output(const char *s, int escape)
{
  (void) escape;
  
  fputs(s, stdout);
}


static void newline(void)
{
  output("\n", 0);
}

static void content(const char *s)
{
  output(s, 1);
}

static void literal(const char *s)
{
  output(s, 0);
}

static void directive(const char *s)
{
  output(s, 0);
}

static void comment(const char *s)
{
  directive("@c ");
  literal(s);
  newline();
}

static void enum_item(const char *s)
{
  newline();
  directive("@item ");
  literal(s);
  newline();
}

static void begin_subsection(const char *name,
			  const char *next,
			  const char *prev,
			  const char *up)
{
  (void) next;
  (void) prev;
  (void) up;
  
  newline();
  
  directive("@node ");
  content(name);
  content(" regular expression syntax");
  newline();
  
  directive("@subsection ");
  output("@samp{", 0);
  content(name);
  output("}", 0);
  content(" regular expression syntax");
  newline();
}

static void begintable_markup(char const *markup)
{
  newline();
  directive("@table ");
  literal(markup);
  newline();
}

static void endtable()
{
  newline();
  directive("@end table");
  newline();
}

static void beginenum()
{
  newline();
  directive("@enumerate");
  newline();
}

static void endenum()
{
  newline();
  directive("@end enumerate");
  newline();
}

static void newpara()
{
  content("\n\n");
}


static void
describe_regex_syntax(int options)
{
  newpara();
  content("The character @samp{.} matches any single character");
  if ( (options & RE_DOT_NEWLINE)  == 0 )
    {
      content(" except newline");
    }
  if (options & RE_DOT_NOT_NULL)
    {
      if ( (options & RE_DOT_NEWLINE)  == 0 )
	content(" and");
      else
	content(" except");

      content(" the null character");
    }
  content(".  ");
  newpara();
  
  if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
    {
      begintable_markup("@samp");
      if (options & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
	{
	  enum_item("\\+");
	  content("indicates that the regular expression should match one"
		  " or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.  ");
	  enum_item("\\?");
	  content("indicates that the regular expression should match zero"
		  " or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.  ");
	  enum_item("+ and ? ");
	  content("match themselves.  ");
	}
      else
	{
	  enum_item("+");
	  content("indicates that the regular expression should match one"
		  " or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.  ");
	  enum_item("?");
	  content("indicates that the regular expression should match zero"
		  " or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.  ");
	  enum_item("\\+");
	  literal("matches a @samp{+}");
	  enum_item("\\?");
	  literal("matches a @samp{?}.  ");
	}
      endtable();
    }
  
  newpara();

  content("Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters.  ");
  literal("Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example @samp{[z-a]}, are ");
  if (options & RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES)
    content("invalid");
  else
    content("ignored");
  content(".  ");
  
  if (options &  RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS)
    literal("Within square brackets, @samp{\\} can be used to quote "
	    "the following character.  ");
  else
    literal("Within square brackets, @samp{\\} is taken literally.  ");

  if (options & RE_CHAR_CLASSES)
    content("Character classes are supported; for example "
	    "@samp{[[:digit:]]} will match a single decimal digit.  ");
  else
    literal("Character classes are not supported, so for example "
	    "you would need to use @samp{[0-9]} "
	    "instead of @samp{[[:digit:]]}.  ");

  if (options & RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE)
    {
      literal("Non-matching lists @samp{[^@dots{}]} do not ever match newline.  ");
    }
  newpara();
  if (options & RE_NO_GNU_OPS)
    {
      content("GNU extensions are not supported and so "
	      "@samp{\\w}, @samp{\\W}, @samp{\\<}, @samp{\\>}, @samp{\\b}, @samp{\\B}, @samp{\\`}, and @samp{\\'} "
	      "match "
	      "@samp{w}, @samp{W}, @samp{<}, @samp{>}, @samp{b}, @samp{B}, @samp{`}, and @samp{'} respectively.  ");
    }
  else
    {
      content("GNU extensions are supported:");
      beginenum();
      enum_item("@samp{\\w} matches a character within a word");
      enum_item("@samp{\\W} matches a character which is not within a word");
      enum_item("@samp{\\<} matches the beginning of a word");
      enum_item("@samp{\\>} matches the end of a word");
      enum_item("@samp{\\b} matches a word boundary");
      enum_item("@samp{\\B} matches characters which are not a word boundary");
      enum_item("@samp{\\`} matches the beginning of the whole input");
      enum_item("@samp{\\'} matches the end of the whole input");
      endenum();
    }

  newpara();


  if (options & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
    {
      literal("Grouping is performed with parentheses @samp{()}.  ");
      
      if (options & RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
	literal("An unmatched @samp{)} matches just itself.  ");
    }
  else
    {
      literal("Grouping is performed with backslashes followed by parentheses @samp{\\(}, @samp{\\)}.  ");
    }
  
  if (options & RE_NO_BK_REFS)
    {
      content("A backslash followed by a digit matches that digit.  ");
    }
  else
    {
      literal("A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number.  For example @samp{\\2} matches the second group expression.  The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ");
      if (options & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	  literal("@samp{(}");
      else
	literal("@samp{\\(}");
      content(".  ");
    }
  

  newpara();
  if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
    {
      if (options & RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	literal("The alternation operator is @samp{|}.  ");
      else
	literal("The alternation operator is @samp{\\|}. ");
    }
  newpara();

  if (options & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS)
    {
      literal("The characters @samp{^} and @samp{$} always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets.  Within brackets, @samp{^} can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.  ");
    }
  else
    {
      literal("The character @samp{^} only represents the beginning of a string when it appears:");
      beginenum();
      enum_item("\nAt the beginning of a regular expression");
      enum_item("After an open-group, signified by ");
      if (options & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	{
	  literal("@samp{(}");
	}
      else
	{
	  literal("@samp{\\(}");
	}
      newline();
      if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
	{
	  if (options & RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
	    enum_item("After a newline");
	  
	  if (options & RE_NO_BK_VBAR )
	    enum_item("After the alternation operator @samp{|}");
	  else
	    enum_item("After the alternation operator @samp{\\|}");
	}
      endenum();

      newpara();
      literal("The character @samp{$} only represents the end of a string when it appears:");
      beginenum();
      enum_item("At the end of a regular expression");
      enum_item("Before a close-group, signified by ");
      if (options & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	{
	  literal("@samp{)}");
	}
      else
	{
	  literal("@samp{\\)}");
	}
      if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
	{
	  if (options & RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
	    enum_item("Before a newline");
	  
	  if (options & RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
	    enum_item("Before the alternation operator @samp{|}");
	  else
	    enum_item("Before the alternation operator @samp{\\|}");
	}
      endenum();
    }
  newpara();
  if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS) )
    {
      if ((options & RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS)
	  && !(options & RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS))
	{
	  literal("The characters @samp{*}, @samp{+} and @samp{?} are special anywhere in a regular expression.  ");
	}
      else
	{
	  if (options & RE_BK_PLUS_QM)
	    literal("@samp{\\*}, @samp{\\+} and @samp{\\?} ");
	  else
	    literal("@samp{*}, @samp{+} and @samp{?} ");
	  
	  if (options & RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS)
	    {
	      content("are special at any point in a regular expression except the following places, where they are not allowed:");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      content("are special at any point in a regular expression except:");
	    }
	  
	  beginenum();
	  enum_item("At the beginning of a regular expression");
	  enum_item("After an open-group, signified by ");
	  if (options & RE_NO_BK_PARENS)
	    {
	      literal("@samp{(}");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      literal("@samp{\\(}");
	    }
	  if (!(options & RE_LIMITED_OPS))
	    {
	      if (options & RE_NEWLINE_ALT)
		enum_item("After a newline");
	      
	      if (options & RE_NO_BK_VBAR)
		enum_item("After the alternation operator @samp{|}");
	      else
		enum_item("After the alternation operator @samp{\\|}");
	    }
	  endenum();
	}
    }
  

  newpara();
  if (options & RE_INTERVALS) 
    {
      if (options & RE_NO_BK_BRACES)
	{
	  literal("Intervals are specified by @samp{@{} and @samp{@}}.  ");
	  if (options & RE_INVALID_INTERVAL_ORD)
	    {
	      literal("Invalid intervals are treated as literals, for example @samp{a@{1} is treated as @samp{a\\@{1}");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      literal("Invalid intervals such as @samp{a@{1z} are not accepted.  ");
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  literal("Intervals are specified by @samp{\\@{} and @samp{\\@}}.  ");
	  if (options & RE_INVALID_INTERVAL_ORD)
	    {
	      literal("Invalid intervals are treated as literals, for example @samp{a\\@{1} is treated as @samp{a@{1}");
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      literal("Invalid intervals such as @samp{a\\@{1z} are not accepted.  ");
	    }
	}
      
    }

  newpara();
  if (options & RE_NO_POSIX_BACKTRACKING)
    {
      content("Matching succeeds as soon as the whole pattern is matched, meaning that the result may not be the longest possible match.  ");
    }
  else
    {
      content("The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.  ");
    }
  newpara();
}


static void copying(void)
{
  static const char *copy_para[]=
    {
      "Copyright (C) 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007"
      ,"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
      ,""
      ,"Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document"
      ,"under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or"
      ,"any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no"
      ,"Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover"
      ,"Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the ``GNU Free"
      ,"Documentation License'' file as part of this distribution."
      ""
      ,NULL
    };
  const char **s = copy_para;
  while (*s)
    comment(*s++);
}

static int
ignore(int ix, const unsigned int context)
{
  return 0 == (get_regex_type_context(ix) & context);
}

static void
menu(unsigned int context)
{
  int i, options;
  const char *name;
  
  output("@menu\n", 0);
  for (i=0;
       options = get_regex_type_flags(i),
	 name=get_regex_type_name(i);
       ++i)
    {
      if (!ignore(i, context))
	{
	  output("* ", 0);
	  output(name, 0);
	  content(" regular expression syntax");
	  output("::", 0);
	  newline();
	}
    }
  output("@end menu\n", 0);
}



static const char *
get_next(unsigned int ix, unsigned int context)
{
  const char *next;
  while (get_regex_type_name(ix))
    {
      if (!ignore(ix, context))
	{
	  next = get_regex_type_name(ix);
	  if (NULL == next)
	    return "";
	  else 
	    return next;
	}
      ++ix;
    }
  return "";
}


static void
describe_all(const char *contextname,
	     unsigned int context,
	     const char *up)
{
  const char *name, *next, *previous;
  int options;
  int i, parent;

  copying();
  newline();
  literal("@c this regular expression description is for: ");
  literal(contextname);
  newline();
  newline();
  menu(context);
  
  previous = "";
  
  for (i=0;
       options = get_regex_type_flags(i),
	 name=get_regex_type_name(i);
       ++i)
    {
      if (ignore(i, context))
	{
	  fprintf(stderr,
		  "Skipping regexp type %s for context %s\n",
		  name, contextname);
	  name = previous;
	  continue;
	}

      next = get_next(i+1, context);
      if (NULL == next)
	next = "";
      begin_subsection(name, next, previous, up);
      parent = get_regex_type_synonym(i);
      if (parent >= 0)
	{
	  content("This is a synonym for ");
	  content(get_regex_type_name(parent));
	  content(".");
	}
      else
	{
	  describe_regex_syntax(options);
	}
      previous = name;
    }
}



int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  const char *up = "";
  unsigned int context = CONTEXT_ALL;
  const char *contextname = "all";
  program_name = argv[0];
  
  if (argc > 1)
    {
      up = argv[1];
    }
  if (argc > 2)
    {
      contextname = argv[2];
      if (0 == strcmp(contextname, "findutils"))
	context = CONTEXT_FINDUTILS;
      else if (0 == strcmp(contextname, "generic"))
	context = CONTEXT_GENERIC;
      else if (0 == strcmp(contextname, "all"))
	context = CONTEXT_ALL;
      else
	{
	  fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected context %s",
		  contextname);
	  return 1;
	}
    }
  
  describe_all(contextname, context, up);
  return 0;
}